This project developed and validated modeling tools for simulating a ground heat exchanger technology that provides a less expensive method for implementing ground-source heat pumps and significantly reduces energy use in many California climate zones, furthering attainment of California’s energy goals. It is well documented that properly sized and installed ground-source heat pumps enjoy higher system efficiencies than conventional air-source systems by exchanging heat with the ground rather than with ambient air. Ambient air temperatures are hottest when cooling is most required and coldest when heating is most required. Exchanging heat with the ground reduces the temperature extremes and improves heat pump performance.
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